Kansere karşı vücut tarafından üretilen enzimler: Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase.
Kansere karşı gıda destekleri ile alınan besin elementleri: Vitamins A, C, and E, bioflavonoids , lipoic acid, and carotenoids.
Karotenoidler carotenler (beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and lycopene) ve xanthophylls’ler den (lutein , astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, and cryptoxanthin) oluşur.
Alfa ve Beta carotence zengin yiyecekler: havuç, kabak çekirdeği, şeftali ve tatlı patates. Günlük beta caratone ihtiyacı 0–15 mg, veya 25,000 IU,5 mg.
Lycopence prostat kanseri riskini azaltır ve hatta kanseri geriletebilir, kalp krizi riskini düşürür, egzersizle artan astım nöbetini azaltır. Lycopenece zengin besinler: Domates ve domatesten yapılan ürünler.
Lutein and zeaxanthince zengin besinler: Kale, brokoli, ıspanak, mısır, yumurta sarısı, alfa alfa.
Lutein, ve zeaxanthin gözdeki makulanın yapısında vardır. Her ikisi de makula dejenarasyonunu yavaşlatarak önler. Lutein katarakt oluşumunu önler, kalp krizi riskini azaltır ve meme kanserine karşı korur.
Astaxanthin kansere karşı bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirerek korur. Cilt kanseri ve güneş yanıklarını önler.
Astaxanthince zengin besinler: Somon, alabalık ve krildir.
Cryptoxanthin deride bir antioksidan barier oluşturarak cilt ve rahim ağzı kanserine karşı korur,
Cryptoxanthin şeftalide, papayada, mandalinde ve portakalda bol miktarda bulunur.
Lycopen domates ve özellikle domates salçasında bol miktarda bulunur. Günlük doz 4 mg veya bir büyük domatestir.
Zeaxanthin gıda desteği olarak bulunmaz. Vücut lutenden zeaxanthin elde eder. Lutein destekleri bir miktar zezxathin içerebilir.
DİKKAT: Aşırı alkol alan veya çok sigara içenlerde betakaroten, A ve E vitamini destekleri alan kişilerde diğer kanser türleri ile birlikte akciğer kanseri olma riski yüksektir.
Free radicals can damage DNA, fats, and proteins. However, the body has a defense against these free radicals. With proper nourishment, the body can make sufficient quantities of antioxidant enzymes and substrates for those enzymes that can facilitate the quenching of free radical reactions by antioxidants. These enzymes include superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. In addition to these enzymes produced by the body, antioxidant nutrients taken into the body through foods or through dietary supplements also can surrender electrons to the free radicals without adding to the chain reaction, thus terminating the free radical reactions. Antioxidant nutrients include vitamins A, C, and E, bioflavonoids , lipoic acid, and carotenoids.
Carotenoids are caratones and xznthophylis. The ones of most interest in human nutrition are beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and lycopene as caratones. . Important xanthophylls include lutein , astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, and cryptoxanthin.
foods rich in beta caratones: carrots, pumpkins, peaches, and sweet potatoes. Daily dose for adults: 0–15 mg, or 25,000 IU,
Lutein and zeaxanthin are xanthophylls and found in kale, spinach, broccoli, corn, alfalfa , and egg yolks.
Lutein, and zeaxanthin are components of the macula of the eye, a small area in the center of the retina responsible for detailed vision. These carotenoids may prevent and slow macular degeneration , a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. As antioxidants, they reduce the amount of free radical damage to the macula. Lutein may also help prevent the formation of cataracts , reduce the risk of heart disease , and protect against breast cancer . Lutein daily dosage for macula degeneration is 30-40 mg, for daily health considerations 4-6 mg.
Astaxanthin is a strong antioxidant that appears to enhance the immune system and protect against cancer. It also may protect against UVA light, a wavelength of ultraviolet light that can cause sunburn and skin cancer .
Foods rich in astaxanthin are salmon, trout and krill.
Cryptoxanthin is found in peaches, papayas, tangerines, and oranges. Along with other carotenoids, it forms an antioxidant barrier in the human skin. It also appears to protect women from cervical cancer.
Lycopene supplements are prepared from tomatoes. A typical daily dose is 4 mg, which is the amount in one large ripe tomato. Zeaxanthin is not available as a supplement. However, the body can convert some lutein to zeaxanthin. Also lutein supplements usually contain some zeaxanthin.
PRECAUTION : A study conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin E and beta-carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers indicated that, in the subjects who were heavy smokers and also were heavy drinkers, beta-carotene supplements may result in increased adverse health effects, including a slight increase in cancer.
For detailed info plse refer to: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Carotenoids.aspx